UPSC – Commerce Optional Paper
Crack under the guidance of D.K.Singh & P.K.Jha
Syllabus
PAPER – I
Accounting and Finance Accounting, Taxation & Auditing
1. Financial Accounting:
Accounting as a Financial Information System; Impact of Behavioural Sciences. Accounting Standards e.g., Accounting for Depreciation, Inventories, Research and Development Costs, Long-term Construction Contracts, Revenue Recognition, Fixed Assets, Contingencies, Foreign Exchange Transactions, Investments and Government Grants, Cash Flow Statement, Earnings Per Share. Accounting for Share Capital Transactions including Bonus Shares, Right Shares, Employees Stock Option and Buy- Back of Securities. Preparation and Presentation of Company Final Accounts. Amalgamation, Absorption and Reconstruction of Companies.
2. Cost Accounting:
Nature and Functions of Cost Accounting. Installation of Cost Accounting System. Cost Concepts related to Income Measurement, Profit Planning, Cost Control and Decision Making. Methods of Costing: Job Costing, Process Costing, Activity Based Costing. Volume cost Profit Relationship as a tool of Profit Planning. Incremental Analysis/ Differential Costing as a Tool of Pricing Decisions, Product Decisions, Make or Buy Decisions, Shut Down Decisions etc. Techniques of Cost Control and Cost Reduction: Budgeting as a Tool of Planning and Control. Standard Costing and Variance Analysis. Responsibility Accounting and Divisional Performance Measurement.
3. Taxation: Income Tax:
Definitions; Basis of Charge; Incomes which do not form Part of Total Income. Simple problems of Computation of Income (of Individuals only) under Various Heads, i.e., Salaries, Income from House Property, Profits and Gains from Business or Profession, Capital Gains, Income from other sources, Income of other Persons included in Assessees Total Income . Set – Off and Carry Forward of Loss. Deductions from Gross Total Income. Salient Features/Provisions Related to VAT and Services Tax.
4. Auditing:
Company Audit: Audit related to Divisible Profits, Dividends, Special investigations, Tax audit. Audit of Banking, Insurance, Non-Profit Organizations and Charitable Societies / Trusts / Organizations.
Financial Management, Financial Institutions and Markets
1. Financial Management: Finance Function:
Nature, Scope and Objectives of Financial Management: Risk and Return Relationship. Tools of Financial Analysis: Ratio Analysis, Funds-Flow and Cash-Flow Statement. Capital Budgeting Decisions: Process, Procedures and Appraisal Methods. Risk and Uncertainty Analysis and Methods. Cost of capital: Concept, Computation of Specific Costs and Weighted Average Cost of Capital. CAPM as a Tool of Determining Cost of Equity Capital. Financing Decisions: Theories of Capital Structure – Net Income (NI) Approach, Net Operating Income (NOI) Approach, MM Approach and Traditional Approach. Designing of Capital structure: Types of Leverages (Operating, Financial and Combined), EBIT- EPS Analysis, and other Factors. Dividend Decisions and Valuation of Firm: Walters Model, MM Thesis, Gordans Model Lintners Model. Factors Affecting Dividend Policy. Working Capital Management: Planning of Working Capital. Determinants of Working Capital. Components of Working Capital – Cash, Inventory and Receivables. Corporate Restructuring with focus on Mergers and Acquisitions (Financial aspects only)
2. Financial Markets and Institutions:
Indian Financial System: An Overview. Money Markets: Participants, Structure and Instruments. Commercial Banks. Reforms in Banking sector. Monetary and Credit Policy of RBI. RBI as a Regulator. Capital Market: Primary and Secondary Market. Financial Market Instruments and Innovative Debt Instruments; SEBI as a Regulator. Financial Services: Mutual Funds, Venture Capital, Credit Rating Agencies, Insurance and IRDA.
PAPER – II
Organisation Theory and Behaviour, Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations
Organisation Theory and Behaviour
1. Organisation Theory: Nature and Concept of Organisation; External Environment of Organizations – Technological, Social, Political, Economical and Legal; Organizational Goals – Primary and Secondary goals, Single and Multiple Goals; Management by Objectives. Evolution of Organisation Theory: Classical, Neo-classical and Systems Approach. Modern Concepts of Organisation Theory: Organisational Design, Organisational Structure and Organisational Culture. Organisational Design, Basic Challenges; Differentiation and Integration Process; Centralization and Decentralization Process; Standardization / Formalization and Mutual Adjustment. Coordinating Formal and Informal Organizations. Mechanistic and Organic Structures. Designing Organizational structures Authority and Control; Line and Staff Functions, Specialization and Coordination. Types of Organization Structure Functional. Matrix Structure, Project Structure. Nature and Basis of Power , Sources of Power, Power Structure and Politics. Impact of Information Technology on Organizational Design and Structure. Managing Organizational Culture.
2. Organisation Behaviour: Meaning and Concept; Individual in organizations: Personality, Theories, and Determinants; Perception – Meaning and Process. Motivation: Concepts, Theories and Applications. Leadership-Theories and Styles. Quality of Work Life (QWL): Meaning and its impact on Performance, Ways of its Enhancement. Quality Circles (QC) Meaning and their Importance. Management of Conflicts in Organizations. Transactional Analysis, Organizational Effectiveness, Management of Change.
Human Resources Management and Industrial Relations</h6
1. Human Resources Management (HRM):Meaning, Nature and Scope of HRM, Human Resource Planning, Job Analysis, Job Description, Job Specification, Recruitment Process, Selection Process, Orientation and Placement, Training and Development Process, Performance Appraisal and 360 Feed Back, Salary and Wage Administration, Job Evaluation, Employee Welfare, Promotions, Transfers and Separations.
2. Industrial Relations (IR): Meaning, Nature, Importance and Scope of IR, Formation of Trade Unions, Trade Union Legislation, Trade Union Movement in India. Recognition of Trade Unions, Problems of Trade Unions in India. Impact of Liberalization on Trade Union Movement. Nature of Industrial Disputes : Strikes and Lockouts , Causes of Disputes, Prevention and Settlement of Disputes. Workers Participation in Management: Philosophy, Rationale, Present Day Status and Future Prospects. Adjudication and Collective Bargaining. Industrial Relations in Public Enterprises, Absenteeism and Labour Turnover in Indian Industries and their Causes and Remedies. ILO and its Functions.
UPPCS – Commerce Optional Paper
Crack under the guidance of D.K.Singh
Syllabus
Optional Paper : Commerce and Accountancy
PAPER – 1
Accounting and Finance Part -1:
Accounting, Auditing and Taxation: Accounting as a financial information system, impact of behavioral science, Methods of accounting of changing price levels. Current purchasing power (CPP) and current cost accounting. Advanced problems of company accounts; Amalgamation, Absorption and reconstruction of companies. Accounting of holding companies. Valuation of Shares and good will. Controllership functions- Property control legal and management control. Important provisions of the Income Tax Act., 1961 Definition, Incidence & Tax liability. Charge of Income tax Exemptions. Depreciation allowance. Simple problems of computation of income under the various heads and determination of assessable income of Individuals and firms, Income tax authorities.
Nature and functions of cost accounting. Cost Classification. Techniques of segregating semi variable costs into fixed and variable components. Job costing Methods of Pricing of issue of Materials.Reconciliation of cost and financial accounts. Marginal Costing, Cost volume-profd relationship-Algebricformulae and graphical representation, Shut- down point. Techniques of cost control and cost reduction,Budgetary control, Flexible budgets, Standard costing and variance analysis. Responsibility accounting.Bases of charging overheads and their inherent fallacy, costing for pricing decision.Significance of the attext-function-programming the audit work valuation and verification of assets, fixedwasting and current assets verification of liabilities. Audit of limited companies. Appointment status, powersduties and liabilities of the auditor, Auditor’s report. Audit fo share capital and transfer of shares. Specialpoints in the audit of banking and insurance companies.
Part – II : Business finance and financial institutions : Concept and scope of Financial Mariagament-Financial goals of corporations, capital Budgetting Rules of the thumb and discounted cash flow approaches, incorporating uncertainity in investment decisions. Designing an optimal capital structure. Weightedaverage cost of capital and the controversy surrounding the Modigliani and Miller Model. Source ofraising short term, intermediate and long term finance, Role of Public Deposits and convertible debentures. Norms and guidelines regarding debtequity ratios- Determinants of an optimal dividend policy, optimising models of James E Walter and John Lintner Forms of divident payment. Structure of working capital and the variables affecting the level of difference of componets cash flow approach of forecasting workingcapital needs. Profiles of working capital in indian industries. Credit management and cerdit-policy.Consideration of tax in relation to financial planning and cash flow statements.
Organisation and deficiencies of Indian Money Market. Structure of assets and liablities of commercial banks. Achievments and failures of nationalisation. Regional rural banks, Recommendations of the P.L.Tandon study Groups on following of Bank Credit, 1976 and their revisiorby the Chore Committee, 1979.Assessment of the monetary and credit policies of the Reserve Bank of India. Constitutons of the indiancapital Market. Functions and working of all India term financial institution (IDBI, IFCI, ICIC, and IRBI). lnvestment Polices of the Life Insurance Corporaton of India and the Unit Trust of India. Present stage of stock exchanges and their regulation.
Provisons of the Negotiable Instruments Act. 1881 relating to crossing and endorsements with particularreference to statutor, protection to the paying and collecting bankers. Salient provision and the bankingRegulaton Act, 1949 with regard to charting, supervison and regulation of banks.
Paper- II
Organisation Theory and industrial Relations
PART- I : ORGANISATION THEORY Nature and concepts of organisaton, Organisaton goals; primary and secondary goals, single and multiplegoals, endsmeans chain. Displacement, succession, expansion and multiplication of goals. Formalorganisaton: type structure: fine and staff, Functional matrix and project, informal organisaton: functionsand limitations.Evolution of organisation theory,; classical, Neo-clssical and system approach, Bureaucracy Nature and basis of power, source of power, power structue and politics, Morale and productivity,leadership. Theories and styles management of conflicts in organisaton, transactional analysis, significanceof culture to organisation. Limits of rationality. Organisational change, adaptations, growth and development,
Organizational control and effectiveness. Public accountability or organisations.
PART – II INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Industiral labour in India and its commitment, Absentism and labour Turnover in Indian Industries. Nature and scope of Industrial Relations.Workers educaton, Workers participation in Management: philoshophy, Rational, Present day stase of affaires, and its future prospects, Industrial Relations in Pubilc Enterpreses.Role of Personnel Department in an organisaton, Executive development personnel polices) Personnel audit and personel research, Wage and wage differentials, Wage policy in India, Legislative measures for wage administration in India, wages in Indian ludustry and agriculture.Theories of Unionism, Trade Union Movement in India: Growth and Structure. Role of outside leadership.Collective bargaining; Approaches, Conditions limitations and its effectiveness in India. International Labourorganisation and India. Prevention and settlement of industrial disputes in India. Settlement machinery, preventive measures and other measures in practice.